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A Study to Compare the Administration of Encorafenib + Binimetinib + Nivolumab versus Ipilimumab + Nivolumab in BRAF-V600 Mutant Melanoma with Symptomatic Brain Metastases

Status
Active
Cancer Type
Melanoma
Trial Phase
Phase II
Eligibility
18 Years and older, Male and Female
Study Type
Treatment
NCT ID
NCT04511013
Protocol IDs
S2000 (primary)
S2000
NCI-2020-05496
Study Sponsor
SWOG

Summary

This phase II trial compares the effect of encorafenib, binimetinib, and nivolumab versus ipilimumab and nivolumab in treating patients with BRAF- V600 mutant melanoma that has spread to the brain and has neurologic symptoms and/or requires steroids (symptomatic brain metastases). Encorafenib and binimetinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as ipilimumab and nivolumab, may help the body's immune system attack the tumor, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. This trial aims to find out which approach is more effective in shrinking and controlling brain metastases from melanoma.

Objectives

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
I. To compare progression-free survival (PFS) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 between participants randomized to the triplet combination of encorafenib + binimetinib + nivolumab versus the doublet combination of ipilimumab + nivolumab among participants with BRAF-V600 mutant melanoma and symptomatic brain metastases.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To estimate the overall survival (OS) of participants in each treatment arm.
II. To estimate the objective response rate (ORR) (confirmed and unconfirmed, complete and partial responses) per RECIST 1.1 in each treatment arm.
III. To estimate the intracranial response rate (ICRR), defined as confirmed and unconfirmed complete and partial response per modified RECIST for brain metastases (mRECIST).
IV. To evaluate the duration of response, per RECIST 1.1 and the duration of ICRR per mRECIST, and per Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO)-Brain Metastases (BM) (and immunotherapy [i]RANO) in each treatment arm.
V. To evaluate the toxicity profile of each treatment arm.
VI. To evaluate current and emerging radiographic response criteria (modified RECIST 1.1, modified RANO-BM and iRANO) by a retrospective blinded independent centralized review (BICR) of banked images.

BANKING OBJECTIVE:
I. To bank tumor tissue, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), stool and blood samples for future correlative studies.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms.

ARM I: Patients receive encorafenib orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28, binimetinib PO twice daily (BID) on days 1-28, and nivolumab intravenously (IV) on day 1. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo echocardiography (ECHO) or multi-gated acquisition scan (MUGA) on study, and computed tomography (CT) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during screening and on study. Patients may also optionally undergo collection of blood on study.

ARM II: Patients receive nivolumab IV on day 1 of all cycles and ipilimumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 4 cycles and then every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo CT and MRI throughout the trial. Patients may also optionally undergo collection of blood on study and during follow-up.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6 months for 2 years, and then annually until 3 years after randomization.

Eligibility

  1. Participants must have histologically and pathologically confirmed melanoma that has metastasized to the brain. Brain metastases must be symptomatic at baseline, defined as having neurologic symptoms and/or requiring steroids. Leptomeningeal disease is permitted.
  2. Any primary (cutaneous, acral/mucosal, etc) or unknown origin are permitted, except that participants with uveal primary are not eligible
  3. Participants must have BRAF-V600 mutant melanoma documented by a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)-certified laboratory
  4. All participants must have an MRI of the brain within 28 days prior to registration and must have central nervous system metastases with at least one measurable brain metastasis >= 0.5 cm in size (per modified RECIST 1.1) that has not been irradiated, or has progressed (in the opinion of the treating physician) after prior radiation therapy. Participating sites MUST use MRI slice thickness of =< 1.5 mm (on the highest resolution T1 weighted contrast enhanced sequence) and are recommended to adhere to the ‘minimum’ Brain Tumor Imaging Protocol for Clinical Trials in Brain Metastases (BTIP-BM) compliant MRI acquisition protocol. CT of the head cannot substitute for brain MRI. (NOTE: All central nervous system [CNS] disease must be documented on BOTH the Brain Metastases Baseline Tumor Assessment Form, using modified RECIST, and the Baseline Tumor Assessment Form [RECIST 1.1] using RECIST 1.1.)
  5. Participants may have measurable or non-measurable extracranial disease. All measurable disease must be assessed within 28 days prior to randomization; all non-measurable disease must be assessed within 42 days prior to randomization. Please note, while any extracranial disease will also be assessed and followed, participants are NOT required to have extracranial disease for randomization. NOTE: All disease must be assessed and documented on the Baseline Tumor Assessment Form (RECIST 1.1). CNS disease must be documented on BOTH the Brain Metastases Baseline Tumor Assessment Form, using modified RECIST, and the Baseline Tumor Assessment Form (RECIST 1.1) using RECIST 1.1
  6. Participants may be receiving corticosteroids for brain metastases at a dose of up to 8 mg of dexamethasone per day (or equivalent). The dose must not have exceeded 8 mg per day for at least 3 days prior to randomization
  7. Participants must have Zubrod performance status =< 2
  8. Participants must have complete history and physical examination within 28 days prior to randomization
  9. Participants must be able to swallow and retain pills
  10. Hemoglobin >= 8.0 g/dL (within 28 days prior to randomization)
  11. Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mcL (within 28 days prior to randomization)
  12. Platelets >= 75,000/mcL (within 28 days prior to randomization)
  13. Total bilirubin =< 3 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (within 28 days prior to randomization)
  14. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 3 x institutional ULN (in participants with liver metastases =< 5 x ULN) (within 28 days prior to randomization)
  15. Creatinine =< 2.0 institutional ULN (within 28 days prior to randomization)
  16. Participants with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, must have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To be eligible for this trial, participants must be class 2B or better
  17. Participants with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment (in the opinion of the treating physician) does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial
  18. Participants with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection are eligible providing they are on effective anti-retroviral therapy and have undetectable viral load at their most recent viral load test and within 90 days prior to randomization
  19. Participants with a known history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. Participants with HCV infection who are currently on treatment must have an undetectable HCV viral load prior to randomization
  20. Participants must agree to participate in image banking. Images must be submitted via the Triad System
  21. Participants must be offered the opportunity to participate in specimen and blood collections
  22. Participants must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines
  23. As a part of the OPEN registration process the treating institution's identity is provided in order to ensure that the current (within 365 days) date of institutional review board approval for this study has been entered in the system
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